Element: Hassium
This element has only been produced a few atoms at a time, so most of its properties have never been measured - missing values are omitted.
General data
| Element name | Hassium |
|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | Hs |
| Atomic number Z | 108 |
| Year discovered | 1984 |
| Standard state (25°C) | Solid |
| Category | Transition metal |
| Block | d |
| Atomic mass | [269] |
| CPK color | #E6002E |
Physical properties
none - only single atoms have been produced
Energy properties
none - only single atoms have been produced
Atomic structure
| Protons | 108 (Atomic number) |
|---|---|
| Neutrons (Hs-269, longest-lived isotope) | 161 |
| Electrons | 108 |
| Electron configuration | [Rn] 7s² 5f¹⁴ 6d⁶ |
| Oxidation states | +8, +6, +5, +4, +3, +2 |
Ionization energies - NIST ASD (73 states)
| State | Charge | Ioniz. energy (eV) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hs I | 0+ | 7.6 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs II | 1+ | 18.2 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs III | 2+ | 29.3 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs IV | 3+ | 37.7 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs V | 4+ | 51.2 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs VI | 5+ | 64 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs VII | 6+ | 78.1 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs VIII | 7+ | 91.7 ± 0.5 | semi-empirical |
| Hs IX | 8+ | 159.9 ± 2.2 | calculated |
| Hs X | 9+ | 173.9 ± 2.2 | calculated |
| Hs XI | 10+ | 206.1 ± 2.4 | calculated |
| Hs XII | 11+ | 227 ± 2.5 | calculated |
| Hs XIII | 12+ | 258 ± 3 | calculated |
| Hs XIV | 13+ | 285 ± 3 | calculated |
| Hs XV | 14+ | 314 ± 3 | calculated |
| Hs XVI | 15+ | 351 ± 3 | calculated |
| Hs XVII | 16+ | 371 ± 3 | calculated |
| Hs XVIII | 17+ | 409 ± 3 | calculated |
| Hs XXXI | 30+ | 984 ± 4 | calculated |
| Hs XXXII | 31+ | 1020 ± 4 | calculated |
| Hs XXXIII | 32+ | 1060 ± 4 | calculated |
| Hs XXXIV | 33+ | 1101 ± 5 | calculated |
| Hs XXXV | 34+ | 1140 ± 5 | calculated |
| Hs XXXVI | 35+ | 1180 ± 5 | calculated |
| Hs XXXVII | 36+ | 1253 ± 5 | calculated |
| Hs XXXVIII | 37+ | 1294 ± 4 | calculated |
| Hs XXXIX | 38+ | 1338 ± 4 | calculated |
| Hs XL | 39+ | 1379 ± 4 | calculated |
| Hs LXIII | 62+ | 4339 ± 15 | calculated |
| Hs LXIV | 63+ | 4425 ± 19 | calculated |
| Hs LXV | 64+ | 4516 ± 24 | calculated |
| Hs LXVI | 65+ | 4610 ± 30 | calculated |
| Hs LXVII | 66+ | 4700 ± 40 | calculated |
| Hs LXVIII | 67+ | 4790 ± 40 | calculated |
| Hs LXIX | 68+ | 5020 ± 50 | calculated |
| Hs LXX | 69+ | 5110 ± 50 | calculated |
| Hs LXXI | 70+ | 5220 ± 60 | calculated |
| Hs LXXII | 71+ | 5310 ± 60 | calculated |
| Hs LXXIII | 72+ | 5700 ± 70 | calculated |
| Hs LXXIV | 73+ | 5780 ± 90 | calculated |
| Hs LXXV | 74+ | 5880 ± 90 | calculated |
| Hs LXXVI | 75+ | 5980 ± 100 | calculated |
| Hs LXXVII | 76+ | 6840 ± 110 | calculated |
| Hs LXXVIII | 77+ | 6950 ± 120 | calculated |
| Hs LXXIX | 78+ | 7230 ± 120 | calculated |
| Hs LXXX | 79+ | 7340 ± 140 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXI | 80+ | 11200 ± 150 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXII | 81+ | 11390 ± 160 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXIII | 82+ | 11610 ± 170 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXIV | 83+ | 11830 ± 190 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXV | 84+ | 12040 ± 200 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXVI | 85+ | 12250 ± 220 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXVII | 86+ | 12910 ± 240 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXVIII | 87+ | 13130 ± 250 | calculated |
| Hs LXXXIX | 88+ | 13400 ± 300 | calculated |
| Hs XC | 89+ | 13600 ± 300 | calculated |
| Hs XCI | 90+ | 14200 ± 300 | calculated |
| Hs XCII | 91+ | 14400 ± 300 | calculated |
| Hs XCIII | 92+ | 14600 ± 400 | calculated |
| Hs XCIV | 93+ | 14800 ± 400 | calculated |
| Hs XCV | 94+ | 17500 ± 400 | calculated |
| Hs XCVI | 95+ | 17700 ± 400 | calculated |
| Hs XCVII | 96+ | 18200 ± 400 | calculated |
| Hs XCVIII | 97+ | 18400 ± 400 | calculated |
| Hs XCIX | 98+ | 35900 ± 500 | calculated |
| Hs C | 99+ | 36400 ± 500 | calculated |
| Hs CI | 100+ | 37000 ± 500 | calculated |
| Hs CII | 101+ | 37500 ± 500 | calculated |
| Hs CIII | 102+ | 47300 ± 500 | calculated |
| Hs CIV | 103+ | 48100 ± 500 | calculated |
| Hs CV | 104+ | 49000 ± 600 | calculated |
| Hs CVII | 106+ | 191784 ± 12 | calculated |
| Hs CVIII | 107+ | 194911 ± 14 | calculated |
Value type as given by NIST ASD: measured - from evaluated experimental data; calculated - from ab initio calculations (mostly highly ionised atoms that have not been measured; for the simplest ones, e.g. H I, the calculation is more accurate than measurement); semi-empirical - from interpolation, extrapolation or another semi-empirical method.
NIST gives no energy for some ionization stages - hence the gaps in numbering.
Data sources
- PubChem Periodic Table API - Retrieved on 29 June 2026 - licence: CC0
- IUPAC CIAAW - Abridged Standard Atomic Weights 2024 - Table version: 2024 - licence: Public domain
- NNDC Wallet Cards 2023 - Data as of 15 October 2024 - licence: Public domain
- NIST Atomic Spectra Database (ASD) - Retrieved on 29 June 2026 - licence: © U.S. Secretary of Commerce