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Element: Rhenium

General data

Element nameRhenium
Chemical symbolRe
Atomic number Z75
Year discovered1925
Standard state (25°C)Solid
CategoryTransition metal
Blockd
Atomic mass186.21
CPK color#267DAB

Physical properties

Melting point3459 K (3186 °C)
Boiling point5869 K (5596 °C)
Density20.8 g/cm³

Energy properties

First ionization energy7.88 eV
Electron affinity0.15 eV

Atomic structure

Protons75 (Atomic number)
Neutrons (Re-187, most abundant isotope)112
Electrons75
Electron configuration[Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵
Oxidation states+7, +6, +4
Electronegativity (Pauling)1.9
Atomic radius (van der Waals)217 pm

Ionization energies - NIST ASD (75 states)

StateChargeIoniz. energy (eV)Type
Re I0+7.83352 ± 0.00011measured
Re II1+16.6 ± 0.5semi-empirical
Re III2+27 ± 1.6calculated
Re IV3+39.1 ± 1.7calculated
Re V4+51.9 ± 1.9calculated
Re VI5+67 ± 2calculated
Re VII6+82.71 ± 0.05semi-empirical
Re VIII7+144.4 ± 0.4semi-empirical
Re IX8+165 ± 8calculated
Re X9+187 ± 9calculated
Re XI10+208 ± 10calculated
Re XII11+236 ± 12calculated
Re XIII12+268 ± 14calculated
Re XIV13+291 ± 15calculated
Re XV14+330 ± 16calculated
Re XVI15+377 ± 19calculated
Re XVII16+403 ± 20calculated
Re XVIII17+429 ± 21calculated
Re XIX18+476 ± 24calculated
Re XX19+520 ± 30calculated
Re XXI20+570 ± 30calculated
Re XXII21+620 ± 30calculated
Re XXIII22+670 ± 30calculated
Re XXIV23+720 ± 40calculated
Re XXV24+760 ± 40calculated
Re XXVI25+810 ± 40calculated
Re XXVII26+860 ± 40calculated
Re XXVIII27+910 ± 50calculated
Re XXIX28+953 ± 19calculated
Re XXX29+1194 ± 4calculated
Re XXXI30+1242 ± 4calculated
Re XXXII31+1294 ± 4calculated
Re XXXIII32+1349 ± 4calculated
Re XXXIV33+1402 ± 5calculated
Re XXXV34+1454 ± 5calculated
Re XXXVI35+1530 ± 5calculated
Re XXXVII36+1583 ± 5calculated
Re XXXVIII37+1641 ± 4calculated
Re XXXIX38+1696 ± 4calculated
Re XL39+1912 ± 4calculated
Re XLI40+1966 ± 4calculated
Re XLII41+2025 ± 4calculated
Re XLIII42+2080 ± 4calculated
Re XLIV43+2240 ± 4calculated
Re XLV44+2302 ± 4calculated
Re XLVI45+2450 ± 4calculated
Re XLVII46+2514.5 ± 0.3semi-empirical
Re XLVIII47+4214 ± 4measured
Re XLIX48+4335 ± 4calculated
Re L49+4468 ± 4calculated
Re LI50+4609 ± 4calculated
Re LII51+4745 ± 4calculated
Re LIII52+4877 ± 4calculated
Re LIV53+5099 ± 5calculated
Re LV54+5236 ± 5calculated
Re LVI55+5388 ± 5calculated
Re LVII56+5528 ± 5calculated
Re LVIII57+5919 ± 6calculated
Re LIX58+6042 ± 6calculated
Re LX59+6176 ± 7calculated
Re LXI60+6300 ± 10calculated
Re LXII61+6810 ± 12calculated
Re LXIII62+6952 ± 15calculated
Re LXIV63+7230 ± 19calculated
Re LXV64+7366 ± 24calculated
Re LXVI65+16080 ± 30calculated
Re LXVII66+16410 ± 40calculated
Re LXVIII67+16780 ± 40calculated
Re LXIX68+17120 ± 50calculated
Re LXX69+19000 ± 50calculated
Re LXXI70+19420 ± 60calculated
Re LXXII71+19950 ± 60calculated
Re LXXIII72+20297.4 ± 0.21calculated
Re LXXIV73+81556.58 ± 0.2calculated
Re LXXV74+83162.41 ± 0.24calculated

Value type as given by NIST ASD: measured - from evaluated experimental data; calculated - from ab initio calculations (mostly highly ionised atoms that have not been measured; for the simplest ones, e.g. H I, the calculation is more accurate than measurement); semi-empirical - from interpolation, extrapolation or another semi-empirical method.

Photos

Photo of the element: Rhenium (Re)
© images-of-elements.com (CC BY 3.0)

Isotopes (41)

ANHalf-lifeDecay
Re-15984unknownp
Re-160850.612 msp
Re-161860.44 msp
Re-16287107 msα
Re-16388390 msEC/β⁺
Re-164890.72 sα
Re-165901.6 sEC/β⁺
Re-166912.25 sα
Re-167925.9 sEC/β⁺
Re-168934.4 sEC/β⁺
Re-169948.1 sEC/β⁺
Re-170959.2 sEC/β⁺
Re-1719615.2 sEC/β⁺
Re-1729715 sEC/β⁺
Re-173982.0 minEC/β⁺
Re-174992.38 minEC/β⁺
Re-1751005.89 minEC/β⁺
Re-1761015.3 minEC/β⁺
Re-17710214 minEC/β⁺
Re-17810313.2 minEC/β⁺
Re-17910419.5 minEC/β⁺
Re-1801052.46 minEC/β⁺
Re-18110620.0 hEC/β⁺
Re-18210764.2 hEC/β⁺
Re-18310870.0 dEC
Re-18410935.43 dEC/β⁺
Re-185110stable-
Re-1861113.7185 dβ⁻
Re-1871124.12×10¹⁰ aβ⁻
Re-18811317.004 hβ⁻
Re-18911424.2 hβ⁻
Re-1901153.0 minβ⁻
Re-1911169.8 minβ⁻
Re-19211715.2 sβ⁻
Re-193118unknownβ⁻
Re-1941195 sβ⁻
Re-1951206 sβ⁻
Re-1961213 sβ⁻
Re-197122unknownβ⁻
Re-198123unknownβ⁻
Re-199124unknownβ⁻

Data sources

More about the data sources