Decay Simulator: Carbon-19
General data
| Element name | Carbon |
|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | C |
| Atomic number Z | 6 |
| Isotope name (symbol) | Carbon-19 (C-19) |
| Neutron number N | 13 |
| Mass number A=Z+N | 19 |
Interactive radioactive decay simulation of Carbon-19: atom-by-atom decay, full decay chain, charts of nuclei count and activity.
| Half-life | 46.3 ms |
|---|
Radioactive decay series
- Carbon-19 46.3 ms
- Nitrogen-18 619 ms · 47.0%
- Nitrogen-19 336 ms · 46.0%
- Oxygen-18 stable · 56.6%
- Oxygen-19 26.470 s · 26.8%
- Fluorine-19 stable · 26.8%
- Nitrogen-17 4.171 s · 7.0%
- Oxygen-16 stable · 6.7%
- Carbon-14 5686 a · 5.7%
- Nitrogen-14 stable · 5.7%
- Oxygen-17 stable · 4.2%
Rare branches (below 0.01%)
Rare branches are transformations that occur in fewer than 0.01% of decays, e.g. double beta decay or cluster emission. The nuclides they produce are practically absent from a sample, so they are hidden by default to keep the main path clear. In this series: branches - 1, nuclides - 1.
- Carbon-13 stable · 1.8×10⁻⁴%
How to read the simulation
Grid: each pixel is one atom of the starting isotope. When an atom decays, the pixel takes the colour of the decay product - in decay series mode the product can decay further. The moment each atom decays is random, but the probability follows from the half-life, so after one T½ about half of the atoms remain, after two - about a quarter.
Chart N(t): what percentage of the sample atoms each nuclide makes up at a given moment. The line of the starting isotope falls (by half after each T½), the lines of stable products rise, and those of short-lived ones first rise, then fall.
Chart A(t): activity, i.e. the number of decays per second (becquerel, Bq). It depends on the number of atoms and on how fast they decay: for the same number of atoms, the shorter the T½, the higher the activity.
Simulation time runs faster (or slower) than real time - the time scale slider sets the multiplier. This way you can watch the decay of isotopes that live from fractions of a second to billions of years.
Well-known isotopes
- H-3 - Tritium - glowing watch hands, nuclear fusion fuel.
- C-14 - Radiocarbon dating.
- K-40 - Natural radioactivity - in bananas and in our bodies.
- Co-60 - Radiotherapy and radiation sterilization.
- I-131 - Thyroid treatment; Chernobyl fallout.
- Cs-137 - Long-lasting contamination after Chernobyl and Fukushima.
- Rn-222 - Radon in basements and mines.
- Ra-226 - The longest-lived isotope of radium - the element discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898.
- U-235 - Nuclear power plant fuel; start of the actinium series.
- U-238 - Age of the Earth; start of the uranium series.
- Pu-238 - Power source for space probes (Voyager, Curiosity rover).
- Am-241 - Ionization smoke detectors.
Data sources
- NNDC Wallet Cards 2023 - Data as of 15 October 2024 - licence: Public domain