Decay Simulator: Carbon-22
General data
| Element name | Carbon |
|---|---|
| Chemical symbol | C |
| Atomic number Z | 6 |
| Isotope name (symbol) | Carbon-22 (C-22) |
| Neutron number N | 16 |
| Mass number A=Z+N | 22 |
Interactive radioactive decay simulation of Carbon-22: atom-by-atom decay, full decay chain, charts of nuclei count and activity.
| Half-life | 6.1 ms |
|---|
Radioactive decay series
- Carbon-22 6.1 ms
- Nitrogen-21 85 ms · 61.0%
- Nitrogen-20 136 ms · 37.0%
- Oxygen-19 26.470 s · 15.9%
- Fluorine-19 stable · 15.9%
- Nitrogen-22 20.9 ms · 2.0%
- Oxygen-20 13.51 s · 72.5%
- Fluorine-20 11.006 s · 72.5%
- Neon-20 stable · 72.5%
- Oxygen-21 3.42 s · 8.9%
- Oxygen-18 stable · 1.7%
- Oxygen-22 2.19 s · 1.1%
- Fluorine-21 4.158 s · 9.2%
- Fluorine-22 4.23 s · 0.84%
- Neon-21 stable · 9.2%
- Neon-22 stable · 0.75%
How to read the simulation
Grid: each pixel is one atom of the starting isotope. When an atom decays, the pixel takes the colour of the decay product - in decay series mode the product can decay further. The moment each atom decays is random, but the probability follows from the half-life, so after one T½ about half of the atoms remain, after two - about a quarter.
Chart N(t): what percentage of the sample atoms each nuclide makes up at a given moment. The line of the starting isotope falls (by half after each T½), the lines of stable products rise, and those of short-lived ones first rise, then fall.
Chart A(t): activity, i.e. the number of decays per second (becquerel, Bq). It depends on the number of atoms and on how fast they decay: for the same number of atoms, the shorter the T½, the higher the activity.
Simulation time runs faster (or slower) than real time - the time scale slider sets the multiplier. This way you can watch the decay of isotopes that live from fractions of a second to billions of years.
Well-known isotopes
- H-3 - Tritium - glowing watch hands, nuclear fusion fuel.
- C-14 - Radiocarbon dating.
- K-40 - Natural radioactivity - in bananas and in our bodies.
- Co-60 - Radiotherapy and radiation sterilization.
- I-131 - Thyroid treatment; Chernobyl fallout.
- Cs-137 - Long-lasting contamination after Chernobyl and Fukushima.
- Rn-222 - Radon in basements and mines.
- Ra-226 - The longest-lived isotope of radium - the element discovered by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898.
- U-235 - Nuclear power plant fuel; start of the actinium series.
- U-238 - Age of the Earth; start of the uranium series.
- Pu-238 - Power source for space probes (Voyager, Curiosity rover).
- Am-241 - Ionization smoke detectors.
Data sources
- NNDC Wallet Cards 2023 - Data as of 15 October 2024 - licence: Public domain